Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Association of Periodontitis with Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Salt Intake, and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients

Received: 21 February 2024     Accepted: 4 March 2024     Published: 13 March 2024
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Abstract

Objective: Periodontitis and cardiovascular disease are prevalent entities that often coexist, with a common pro-inflammatory pathway. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular pro-inflammatory parameters rarely considered within risk factors. Methods: Forty-three participants aged between 38-82 years were examined. An association between mean probing depth (MPD), mean attachment loss (MAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was correlated with the following cardiovascular disease factors and inflammatory promoters: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), 24h ambulatory blood pressure, global cardiovascular risk, daily salt intake, night-time systolic blood pressure (nSBP), and pulse wave velocity (PWV). A two-way ANOVA and multiple comparison tests were performed using SPSS statistics software. Results: A highly significant correlation (p<0.05) was found between BOP, MPD, and MAL with high salt intake, global cardiovascular risk estimation, nSBP, and PISA. Also, significantly statistical correlation (p<0.05) was found between BOP, NLR, and PWV while PISA was only associated with NLR. Logistic regression analysis identified absolute values of nSBP, salt intake and NLR as possible independent contributors to the increase in the log odds of developing BOP. Conclusions: Several periodontal disease parameters are linked to cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, daily salt intake and night-time systolic blood pressure.

Published in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16
Page(s) 35-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Periodontal Disease, Inflammation, Salt Intake, Hypertension, Cardiovascular Risk, Pulse Wave Velocity

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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Pinto-Ribeiro, T., Faria-Almeida, R., Monteiro, A., Souza, J. C. M., Felino, A., et al. (2024). Association of Periodontitis with Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Salt Intake, and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 8(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16

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    ACS Style

    Pinto-Ribeiro, T.; Faria-Almeida, R.; Monteiro, A.; Souza, J. C. M.; Felino, A., et al. Association of Periodontitis with Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Salt Intake, and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2024, 8(1), 35-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16

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    AMA Style

    Pinto-Ribeiro T, Faria-Almeida R, Monteiro A, Souza JCM, Felino A, et al. Association of Periodontitis with Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Salt Intake, and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients. Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2024;8(1):35-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16,
      author = {Tiago Pinto-Ribeiro and Ricardo Faria-Almeida and Ana Monteiro and Júlio César Matias Souza and António Felino and Jorge Polónia},
      title = {Association of Periodontitis with Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Salt Intake, and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients},
      journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {35-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20240801.16},
      abstract = {Objective: Periodontitis and cardiovascular disease are prevalent entities that often coexist, with a common pro-inflammatory pathway. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular pro-inflammatory parameters rarely considered within risk factors. Methods: Forty-three participants aged between 38-82 years were examined. An association between mean probing depth (MPD), mean attachment loss (MAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was correlated with the following cardiovascular disease factors and inflammatory promoters: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), 24h ambulatory blood pressure, global cardiovascular risk, daily salt intake, night-time systolic blood pressure (nSBP), and pulse wave velocity (PWV). A two-way ANOVA and multiple comparison tests were performed using SPSS statistics software. Results: A highly significant correlation (plog odds of developing BOP. Conclusions: Several periodontal disease parameters are linked to cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, daily salt intake and night-time systolic blood pressure.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Association of Periodontitis with Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Salt Intake, and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients
    AU  - Tiago Pinto-Ribeiro
    AU  - Ricardo Faria-Almeida
    AU  - Ana Monteiro
    AU  - Júlio César Matias Souza
    AU  - António Felino
    AU  - Jorge Polónia
    Y1  - 2024/03/13
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16
    T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
    JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
    JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
    SP  - 35
    EP  - 45
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8914
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240801.16
    AB  - Objective: Periodontitis and cardiovascular disease are prevalent entities that often coexist, with a common pro-inflammatory pathway. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular pro-inflammatory parameters rarely considered within risk factors. Methods: Forty-three participants aged between 38-82 years were examined. An association between mean probing depth (MPD), mean attachment loss (MAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was correlated with the following cardiovascular disease factors and inflammatory promoters: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), 24h ambulatory blood pressure, global cardiovascular risk, daily salt intake, night-time systolic blood pressure (nSBP), and pulse wave velocity (PWV). A two-way ANOVA and multiple comparison tests were performed using SPSS statistics software. Results: A highly significant correlation (plog odds of developing BOP. Conclusions: Several periodontal disease parameters are linked to cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, daily salt intake and night-time systolic blood pressure.
    
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMDUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

  • Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMDUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Porto, Portugal

  • Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Hospital Lusíadas Braga, Braga, Portugal; Blueclinical, Matosinhos, Portugal

  • Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, Guimarães, Portugal; LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Catholic University of Portugal (UCP), Viseu, Portugal

  • Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMDUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

  • Department of Medicine, CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Blood Pressure Unit, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal

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